absolute: i.e., wittily precise. We have just had an example of the "absolute" quality of the gravedigger's comments; all of Hamlet's questions about who is to be buried in the grave are deemed wrong by the gravedigger because it's not a "who," but a "what" the remains of a person which are to be buried. by the card: i.e., precisely. The "card" in Hamlet's metaphor is a compass card, such as the one shown below. The needle of the compass is mounted in the center of the card.
Old Compass Card Source: Wikipedia:
Boxing the compass